VAT Net and Gross: Invoice Calculation

Check the relationship between net invoice value, VAT and gross total. Work in either direction and enter the VAT rate applicable to each group of invoice lines.

Calculate

Use a decimal point, without thousands separators. Prefilled values are editable examples. Currency selection changes display, not exchange rates.

Enter your values and select Calculate.

Formula and calculation method

VAT = net × rate / 100. Gross = net × (1 + rate / 100). Net = gross / (1 + rate / 100).

Worked example

Two net lines of £100 at 20% and £50 at 5% give VAT of £20 + £2.50 = £22.50 and gross total £172.50. Applying 20% to the whole £150 would be wrong.

Assumptions and limitations

For invoices with multiple VAT rates, calculate each group separately and add the totals. Discounts, rounding per line, reverse charges and special schemes need their own treatment. This tool checks arithmetic, not the legal validity of an invoice.

Sources and reference scope

References support the identified formula, unit or jurisdiction. They do not imply endorsement of this site. Check the original document for current conditions and exceptions.

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English edition: 16 September 2026.